International Journal of Environmental Science and Research

International Journal of Environmental Science and Research

The effect of flooding and lateral erosion on the settlements setting, case study: Karkheh River, Iran

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Marine Geology Department, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology
2 Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology
Abstract
Rivers are one of the most important geomorphic and ecological landscapes of the earth, which human settlements take place near them. But today, the unregulated and unmanaged development of human settlements near to rivers has caused rivers to become destructive phenomenon. Objective of this study was to understand flooding and lateral erosion effects on settlement setting in Karkheh River, Iran. A part of Karkheh River between Abdulkhan and Hamidiyeh cities in Khuzestan province, Iran, was studied using AHP method (for delineating flooding prone area) and geometric parameters of river (for lateral erosion detection). The flood zonation carried out with five criteria: distance from the river, elevation, slope, lithology, land use and land cover using the AHP model. The total area​​ of about 51.5% was in the low and very low risk zones and 49.5% was in the medium to very high risk zones. The river route extracted by processing satellite images using NDWI technique for 26 years period (1991 to 2017) and fitting tangential circles showed a large change in the geometric parameters of the river in this period. The central angle, radius and curvature of the river had changed, as a result of which the increasing number of meanders from 46 to 56. This indicates that the river was becoming more meandering, so, there was an increase in lateral erosion in 2017 compared to 1991. Therefore, according to the research findings, it was suggested that the river is a meandering river, so development of settlements may be critical.
Keywords

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